The nuclear disarmament movement of the 1950s and 1960s spread all over the world, penetrating the supposedly impenetrable 'iron curtain,' establishing its independence from both Cold War 'blocs,' and ultimately helping bring about a ban on nuclear testing and an 80% reduction in strategic weapons.From its inception, the International Workingmen's Association (First International) sent money, printed leaflets, and organized boycotts in support of workers engaged in fights in countries all over Europe. The rise of labor and socialist movements in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries embodied a solidarity across national borders.The international abolitionist movement spread throughout Europe and the Americas, abolished slavery in most major countries, and eventually made enslavement a crime worldwide.While these movements advocated national independence, there was extensive solidarity and mutual support among them. The 'Age of Democratic Revolutions' between 17 saw people in dozens of countries participate in uprisings and movements to establish popular control of the state.Illustration: Ralph Chaplin, Wikimedia Commons And these movements often cut across national boundaries.Д®nglish: Cartoon published in the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) journal Solidarity on June 30, 1917. People frequently join together in social movements that embody the principle and practice of solidarity. Nonetheless, social and political movements have often transgressed national boundaries and expressed solidarities that go beyond them. Insurgencies are social movements, but movements of a special type: they reject current rulers' claims to legitimate authority. The pursuit of individual and collective interests has occurred largely within a national framework. Individuals have been willing to kill and die for their countries. Since the end of the feudal era the world order has been largely structured by the nation-state system.

Insurgency